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Endocrine-Related Cancer 12 (1) 101 -107     DOI: 10.1677/erc.1.00914
Copyright © 2005 by the Society for Endocrinology
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In situ androgen producing enzymes in human prostate cancer

Yasuhiro Nakamura1,2, Takashi Suzuki1, Masao Nakabayashi1, Mareyuki Endoh1, Kazuhiro Sakamoto1, Yoshiki Mikami1, Takuya Moriya1, Akihiro Ito3, Shoki Takahashi2, Shogo Yamada2, Yoichi Arai3 and Hironobu Sasano1

1 Departments of Pathology,
2 Radiology, and
3 Urology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan

(Requests for offprints should be addressed to Y Nakamura; Email: nakamura{at}patholo2.med.tohoku.ac.jp)

Androgens have been proposed to be actively produced in situ in human prostate cancer. These locally produced androgens have also been considered to play important roles in the pathogenesis and development of prostate cancer. Therefore, it is important to examine the status of this in situ androgen metabolism and/or synthesis in detail in order to improve the clinical response to hormonal therapy in patients diagnosed with prostate cancer. Several studies have previously demonstrated the expression of androgen-producing enzymes such as 5{alpha}-reductase types 1 and 2, and 17ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 5 (17ß-HSD5), in human prostate carcinoma cells. However, their biological significance has remained largely unknown. In this study, we evaluated the immunoreactivities of these steroidogenic enzymes in human prostate cancer obtained from surgery (n=70), and correlated the findings with clinicopathological features of the patients. 17ß-HSD5 immunoreactivity was detected in 54 cases (77%), 5{alpha}-reductase type 1 in 51 cases (73%) and 5{alpha}-reductase type 2 in 39 cases (56%). 5{alpha}-reductase type 2 immunoreactivity was significantly correlated with that of androgen receptor (AR), and 17ß-HSD5 positive cases were significantly associated with clinical stage (TNM stage pT3 vs pT2). These data all suggest that androgen-producing enzymes, such as 5{alpha}-reductase type 1 and type 2, and 17ß-HSD5 are expressed in a majority of prostate cancers, and are involved in the local production and actions of androgens in prostate cancers.




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